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Juvenile Justice - Innocenti Digest (0.2 MB)
The Innocenti Digest is compiled by UNICEF International Child Development Centre. This Digest "focuses on the situation of children and young people under the age of 18 who come into contact with the justice system as a result of being suspected or accused of committing an offence".
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Juvenile Justice Act 2002 - A Crtique by Alternative Law Reform (62.6 KB)
The author, Arvind Narrain, argues that the Act, despite its “redeeming features”, is “ill conceived as it fails completely to engage with crucial conceptual questions on the area of juvenile justice. It further refuses to engage with law reform efforts in other parts of the world...the law also fails to comply with existing international human rights standards, which it in its preamble invokes” but does not internalize them within the framework of the Act. The article concludes that the Act “remains a merely rhetorical gesture in the direction of a more child friendly enactment”.
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Juvenile Justice (Care and Protection of Children) Act 2000
(56 of 2000) (as amended by the Amendment Act 33 of 2006)
Click Here to View the Act
Note: This is a PDF file and requires PDF Reader. Incase you don't have PDF Reader, you can download the latest version here. Click Here to Download Foxit Reader
Historical Perspective of the Act:
The Juvenile Justice Act 1986 is the primary legal framework for juvenile justice in India. The act provides for a special approach towards the prevention and treatment of juvenile delinquency and provides a framework for the protection, treatment and rehabilitation of children in the purview of the juvenile justice system. The law replaced the Children Act, 1960.
The first legislation on juvenile justice in India came in 1850 with the Apprentice Act which required that children between the ages of 10-18 convicted in courts to be provided vocational training as part of their rehabilitation process. This act was transplanted by the Reformatory Schools Act, 1897, the Indian Jail Committee and later the Children Act of 1960.
In 1974, India declared its National Policy for Children, “recognizing children as a nation’s supremely important asset and that their programmes must find a prominent place in the national plan for the development of human resources” By 1986, almost all states had passed their own children’s legislation. Juvenile Justice Act of 1986 was enacted to have a uniform of Juvenile Act which can be applied throughout the country. The JJA was more humanistic and treatment-oriented. The JJA was considered a unique piece of social legislation intended to provide care, protection, treatment, development, and rehabilitation for neglected and delinquent juveniles as well as the adjudication of matters relating to the disposition of delinquent juveniles.
The Juvenile Justice (Care and Protection of Children) Bill having been passed by both the Houses of Parliament received the assent of the President on 30th December, 2000. It came on the Statue Book as THE JUVENILE JUSTICE (CARE AND PROTECTION OF CHILDREN) ACT, 2000 (56 OF 2000).
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